What are the building blocks of proteins?

Amino acids are the fundamental building blocks of proteins. They are organic compounds that combine to form proteins, which are essential for various bodily functions and structures. Each protein consists of one or more chains of amino acids, and the specific sequence and arrangement of these amino acids determine the protein's unique structure and function.

Amino acids contain an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain that varies with each amino acid. There are 20 different amino acids that can be combined in various ways to create a diverse range of proteins, which play critical roles in processes such as metabolism, immune response, and cellular signaling.

The other options listed do not serve as building blocks for proteins. Nucleotides are the basic units of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, fatty acids are components of lipids, and carbohydrates consist of sugar molecules. Thus, understanding that amino acids are the specific units that link together to form proteins is crucial for grasping the biochemistry of cellular functions and nutrition.