What are the two phases of metabolism?

The two phases of metabolism are catabolism and anabolism. Catabolism refers to the metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units, releasing energy in the process. This is fundamental for providing the energy required for various bodily functions and for fueling the anabolic processes.

Anabolism, on the other hand, is the phase of metabolism that builds up complex molecules from simpler ones. This phase requires energy, often derived from the catabolic breakdown of compounds. Anabolism is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues, as well as for synthesizing molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids.

Together, catabolism and anabolism represent the entirety of metabolic processes, working in harmony to maintain the body's energy balance and physiological functions. Understanding these phases is crucial for comprehending how the body processes nutrients and responds to various states such as fasting or feeding.