What is the sternum?

The sternum, commonly known as the breastbone, is a flat bone located in the center of the chest that serves as a vital part of the ribcage structure. Its primary function is to provide support for the ribs and protect the heart and lungs. It connects the rib bones via cartilage, allowing for flexibility during breathing while ensuring a sturdy framework for the thoracic cavity.

This structure helps define the ventral (front) aspect of the thorax, making it pivotal in the anatomy of the chest. Its flat shape contrasts with the descriptions of long bones, irregular bones, and short bones found in other parts of the body, such as the arms, spine, or wrist. Recognizing the sternum as a flat bone emphasizes its role in respiratory function and overall chest stability.