What serves as the protective framework for the heart, lungs, and other internal organs?

The thorax serves as the protective framework for the heart, lungs, and other internal organs. It is formed by the rib cage, which includes the ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae. This structure not only encases these vital organs, preventing physical damage from external forces, but it also plays a crucial role in the respiratory process by allowing the lungs to expand and contract during breathing. The thorax is designed to ensure both protection and functionality for the organs it houses, making it essential for overall health and survival.

In contrast, the cranium primarily protects the brain, the pelvis supports the lower abdominal organs and provides a space for reproduction, and the scapula is involved in shoulder movement and upper limb attachment rather than in protecting internal organs located in the thoracic cavity.